What is NIST & why are its guidelines significant for authentication?

What is NIST?#

The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is a U.S. federal agency under the Department of Commerce that develops technology, metrics, and standards to enhance economic security and innovation. In the field of cybersecurity and digital identity, NIST plays a key role by setting authentication guidelines that influence both public and private sector security policies worldwide.

Why Are NIST’s Authentication Guidelines Important?#

NIST’s SP 800-63B Digital Identity Guidelines define best practices for secure authentication, ensuring that organizations implement phishing-resistant, reliable, and scalable identity verification methods. In its most recent update, Revision 4 of SP 800-63B, NIST introduced important changes to strengthen authentication practices. The revision includes updated general requirements designed to support Authentication Assurance Level 2 (AAL2), helping organizations meet stronger security needs without unnecessary complexity. Notably, the revision also recognizes the growing role of passkeys, reflecting the industry shift toward more user-friendly and phishing-resistant authentication methods. These guidelines are significant because:

1. They Establish Global Security Standards#

• NIST’s authentication framework influences regulations beyond the U.S., shaping digital identity policies for enterprises, government agencies, and tech providers worldwide.
• Organizations aligning with NIST SP 800-63B ensure compliance with high-security standards.

2. They Define Authentication Assurance Levels (AALs)#

• NIST categorizes authentication mechanisms into AAL1, AAL2, and AAL3, guiding organizations on security requirements based on risk levels.
• With recent updates, synced passkeys have been recognized as AAL2-compliant, while device-bound passkeys meet AAL3 requirements.

3. They Promote Phishing-Resistant Authentication#

The guidelines endorse passkeys, FIDO2, and WebAuthn, reducing reliance on passwords and vulnerable MFA methods (e.g., SMS OTPs).

4. They Drive Adoption in Regulated Industries#

• Industries like banking, healthcare, and government depend on NIST’s recommendations to implement robust identity verification.
• Federal agencies and contractors often require compliance with NIST’s authentication standards.

By following NIST authentication guidelines, organizations enhance security, reduce fraud, and future-proof their authentication systems with passkeys and phishing-resistant MFA.

Read the full article#

About Corbado

Corbado is the Authentication Intelligence Platform for CIAM teams running consumer authentication at scale. We help you see what IDP logs and generic analytics tools can't: where passkeys, passwords, OTP, social login and fallback journeys succeed, stall or fail, which devices and browsers create friction, and when an OS update silently breaks login. Two products: Corbado Observe layers process mining and observability across authentication journeys. Corbado Connect adds managed passkeys with analytics built in alongside your IDP. VicRoads runs passkeys for 5M+ users with Corbado (+80% passkey activation). Talk to a Passkey Expert →